Showing posts with label Russia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Russia. Show all posts

Monday, November 21, 2011

War of the Polish Succession - King Augustus III of Poland

When Polish King Augustus II the Strong died in 1733, French King Louis XV (1710 –1774) decided to reappoint his father in law, Stanisław I Leszczyński 1677 –1766) on the Polish throne.

However, Russia wanted Augustus’ lawful son Frederick Augustus II (Augustus III) (1696 –1763) to rule Poland.

Stanisław I Leszczyński managed to get hold of the throne but the upcoming Russian army of 30,000 men made him re-think his move, so he fled the country.

That is how War of the Polish Succession began.

France, Spain and Sardinia were on Stanislaw’s side, while Austria, Prussia and Russia supported Augustus III.

Although a preliminary peace was reached in 1735, the war was formally ended with the Treaty of Vienna (1738) in which Augustus III was confirmed as king of Poland.

This was the second time in Poland’s history that other European powers pursued their own national interests through the Poland throne.

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Saturday, November 05, 2011

John – the man who located Bin Laden.

To CIA's shame, Associated Press has recently published a profile and several photos of certain John, an agent that was most likely the main link in the capture of the world's most wanted terrorist, Osama Bin Laden. 

The scene is almost cinematographic – A middle-aged CIA analyst begins to inform the gathered crowd that the Agency is almost certain that in one complex in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad, Osama Bin Laden, leader of the terrorist group al-Qaeda, is hiding.

When he finished with his presentation, President Obama asks him how sure is he that Bin Laden is still there.

About eighty percent - says John, pointing out that they never managed to capture him with satellite surveillance, but, nevertheless, he was never so sure about Bin Laden’s location like he was now.

The rest is history.

Obama accepts his opinion and asks Admiral Mullen whether the army is prepared to complete this mission. Mullen answers affirmatively and sends a command to the commander of a special unit, known as SEAL Team Six, which finished the job.


If mentioned names were different, this little story would look like some scene from a spy novel – and our John is matching perfectly to some main character of such novel. The news agency Associated Press has recently published a great story about him – he is a CIA veteran who has for the last ten years searched for Bin Laden everywhere around the world. And he was undoubtedly confident that he would find him.

His name is fictional, but he is a man who proved himself while working in the CIA’s departments for the Balkans and Russia.

After the terrorist attack on America, on 11 September 2001, John was transferred to the anti-terrorist department. From that point, his analytical hunt for Osama Bin Laden began. In those ten years, John had several offers for promotion, but he decided to stay in that department until they achieve their goal and found the most wanted terrorist. It was he who played a key role in all significant arrests of terrorists (Abu Zubaydah, Abd al-Nashiri, Khalid Sheik Mohammed, Ramzi bin Alshib, Hambali and Faraj al-Libi). But the main target was still at large.

He and his team were reading and analyzing thousands of documents in order to find any type of clue - the last one they had was a hideout in Tora Bora, the mountainous part of Afghanistan. Besides that, John dealt with all aspects of Bin Laden’s  life in order to find an answer to his key question: what kind of shelter would a man like Bin Laden seek? He constantly repeated to his team members to check any information on all family members and associates who might be in contact with Bin Laden.

He's there somewhere. We'll get there.” – was his favorite line.

His reputation in the Agency's grew with each year. And then, finally, a breakthrough. In 2007, one female agent whose identity is not revealed, tracked Abu Ahmed al-Kuwaiti, Osama’s trusted courier. This made everyone in the team absolutely convinced that they will reach their goal.  In August 2010, they finally located Bin Laden in Abbottabad. The CIA sent a team to a house near Bin Laden’s complex and waited for the final confirmation.

But the confirmation didn’t arrive until Obama was completely convinced in their story. Meanwhile, John was warning the members of his team: “Right up to the last hour, if we get any piece of information that suggests it's not him, somebody has to raise their hand before we risk American lives.


No one got such information. Two days after the operation, John appeared in front of Senate Intelligence Committee. He was calm and restrained like always. But then he finally gave in - when he began to present details of the operation, he suddenly choked, paused and started crying.

John's identity came out in the open the way it shouldn’t have. At least when it comes to “top secret” operations. It was, in essence, very simple: the editor of “NY Observer”, the weekly edition of reputable daily "Guardian", has managed, thanks to certain blogger John Young, to find out the name of this agent, and then all that he needed to do was to google John’s name and his name appeared in Northern Virginia Division.

Then other details emerged. The guy played basketball in college and had an unusual shooting style, for which he was remembered by his coaches. He also had a respectable college G.P.A. Recently his wife launched a charity campaign to help the school in which their children are attending. The reporters also discovered and that his son is a good athlete. 


The journalists were able to learn all that, and the U.S. officials could only scratch their heads and wonder - how?

Spied on KGB – Created Putin’s profile

This CIA’s analyst has gained fame when he made a profile of then new Russian leader Vladimir Putin. In fact, at the beginning, many perceived this former KGB agent as just another interim solution when Yeltsin's rule ended. But John conducted a thorough analytical work and concluded that Putin is a person who will firmly take control and manage Russia for many years. At that point, John proved his greatest quality - the ability to perceive important from something that might look unimportant.
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Saturday, October 22, 2011

Krokodil – The most dangerous new drug!

This new opiate for the poor was made in Russia as a substitute for heroin, which is becoming very expensive and unavailable for addicts.  It can be made at home, and from it, the skin of addicts becomes greenish and scaly, just like reptiles’. 

Krokodil (Crocodile) is the latest drug that can be made at home, and it first appeared in Russia. It is an opiate for the poor, and its effects are frightening. It is named “Krokodil” because its poisonous substances are quickly changing the look of the skin of the addicts, which is becoming greenish and scaly, like reptiles’ skin.

Russia has more than two million heroin addicts, more than any other country in the world. Efforts to reduce the flow of heroin from Afghanistan has led to its limited supply, increased price on the streets, and for those addicts who can not afford the next dose, even more terrible and ghastly thing – a drug that can be made at home. Its medical name is desomorphine and it is a synthetic opiate more powerful than heroin. It is made with a complex process of mixing and chemical reactions, which addicts know very well and do it several times a day.

And while heroin costs from 20 to 50 Euros, desomorphine can be “boiled” from Codeine-based pills for headache that cost two Euros per pack, and other ingredients that everyone has at home and can be very cheap to buy in the store. In case the vein is missed, an abscess is immediately appearing on the skin. The addicts who are using this drug for several years look terrible. Their skin becomes grayish, rotten, and, in the latter stages, you can actually see their bones. People are literally rotting to death.

Four years ago, Russian heroin addicts first discovered how to make a "Krokodil". Since then, the number of addicts is in rise, and it reached a peak in recent months. Every year, about 30.000 addicts die in Russia, which is one third of addicts’ deaths worldwide. It is estimated that about five percent of drug addicts in Russia use “Krokodil”, and about 100.000 more of them are using some other type of home-made opiate.

When someone goes to rehabilitation from heroin, symptoms last from five to ten days, after which there is great danger of their return.

With “Krokodil”, this is more complicated. Pains are lasting up to one month, and they are unbearable. To endure pain, rehabilitators have to be injected with extremely strong tranquilizers.

You can recognize “Krokodil” users by their specific smell of iodine, which is infiltrated into their clothes and can not be removed with washing.  Each apartment in which the “Krokodil” was boiled can be forgotten as a place to live because the smell can never be eliminated.


Addicts have no problem buying codeine tablets that are sold without a prescription, and pharmacists do not refuse to sell them even though they know why exactly they are bought.  The solution is obvious: ban the sale of codeine. But although the authorities are aware of the problem that lasts more than a year, they almost do nothing to resolve it.

Zhenya, former addict

The effect of “krokodil” lasts from 90 minutes to two hours”, says Zhenya, a former addict.

You don't sleep much when you're on krokodil, as you need to wake up every couple of hours for another hit. The cooking process takes at least half an hour, so being a krokodil addict is basically a full-time job. At the time we were cooking it at our place, and loads of people came round and pitched in. For three days we just kept on making it. By the end, we all staggered out yellow, exhausted and stinking of iodine.” –says Zhenya.
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